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“According to Marxist–Leninist doctrine, the survival of money and financial flows in a socialist planned economy was something of an anomaly which would in due course disappear. Stalin assumed that in the higher phase of communism, when collective ownership would have disappeared and state ownership would have become universal, goods would circulate on the basis of direct product exchange (i.e. physical exchange without the intermediation of money).” — Michael Ellman
According to Marxist–Leninist doctrine, the survival of money and financial flows in a socialist planned economy was something of an anomaly which would in due course disappear. Stalin assumed that in the higher phase of communism, when collective ownership would have disappeared and state ownership would have become universal, goods would circulate on the basis of direct product exchange (i.e. physical exchange without the intermediation of money).