“The concept of the trichiliocosm is closely linked with Buddhist theories about time and human destiny. Buddhist thought is generally clouded with pessimism, and this is nowhere more obvious than in its concept of time. The notion of an eternal round of birth and death is an intolerable thought.” TimeDestinyBuddhist Cosmology Book:Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins Source: Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins
“In the Abhidharmakośa, time units finish with "year" (saṃvatsara). There is, however, another enormous unit of time that we could add, the kalpa, which is so long that it cannot be calculated in years. (The Chinese transliterated kalpa as kiap and translated it as "great time." In the Japanese game of Go there is a rule known as kō [Japanese for kiap] to prevent stalemates through constant repetition. Without it, the game could continue indefinitely.)” TimeBuddhist Cosmology Book:Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins Source: Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins