“The plainest case is that of Ludovic Muggleton, best known for eventually founding the eccentric ‘Muggletonian’ sect. In the religious turbulence of 1640s London, he moved fretfully from church to church, increasingly convinced that ‘I must needs go to Hell’. And so, as the only escape, he longed ‘to have said in my Heart, sure there is no God’. He could not quite persuade himself it was true, but he did the next best thing. Since he was convinced he was damned, he withdrew from any kind of religious practice, and tried simply to live virtuously on his own terms. It would not save his soul, but it would spare him the misery of continuously contemplating his future torment. ‘I found more Peace here than in all my Religion.’ In particular, a hope crept up on him: even if there is a God, perhaps there is no immortal soul? ‘I was in good Hope at that time, that there was nothing after Death.’ He developed arguments to persuade himself of this, and for three years ‘had a great deal of peace of mind in this condition’. ‘I dreaded the Thoughts of Eternity … I thought, if I could but lie still in the earth for ever, it would be as well with me, as it would be if I were in eternal happiness … I cared not for Heaven so I might not go to Hell.” SoulDeathHeavenChristianityHellAtheismEternityMortalityMortalism Book:Unbelievers: An Emotional History of Doubt Source: Unbelievers: An Emotional History of Doubt