Charles Rennie Mackintosh (June 7, 1868 – December 10, 1928) was a Scottish architect, designer, and painter, celebrated as a pioneer of modern architecture and design. He is best known for developing the Glasgow Style, which blended Scottish traditional elements with the flowing lines of Art Nouveau. His works include architecture, furniture, interior design, and decorative arts, with masterpieces such as the Glasgow School of Art, Willow Tea Rooms, and Hill House. Mackintosh emphasized simplicity, geometry, and functionality, influencing 20th-century modernism. Though not widely recognized during his lifetime, he is now regarded as a bridge between the Arts and Crafts Movement and Art Nouveau.
