“the German and Japanese governments heavily subsidized their chemical industries for war purposes. Government subsidies, direct or indirect, spurred German developments in synthetic rubber and plastics, synthetic fuels, light metals, and various other substitutes for natural materials. However, the world's chemical industries would have grown rapidly without artificial encouragement.” GrowthArtificialInterventionSubsidy Book:Cartels in Action: Case Studies in International Business Diplomacy Source: Cartels in Action: Case Studies in International Business Diplomacy