“[W]hen an officer uses less respect at the beginning of a stop, the driver tends to express more negative emotions later in the stop.” Cops Politeness V Brutality Author:Jennifer L Eberhardt
“[W]e do know that regardless of the source of the racial differences, the stakes are higher than hurt feelings or raised voices. An officer's language and the attitude it conveys could decrease a black driver's inclination to cooperate. That increases the likelihood that the interaction might escalate and lead to an altercation and a arrest--or worse--that could have been avoided.” Cops Politeness V Brutality Author:Jennifer L Eberhardt