“The Arabic Qur'an and authoritative Christian translations of the Bible into a limited number of languages contributed profoundly to the universalisation of a single ethnic religious—linguistic community in the Muslim case and to the distinction between major written languages and dialectic vernaculars in the Christian case. While the Islamic socio-political impact was thus in principle almost entirely anti-ethnic and anti-national, the Christian impact was more complex. Its willingness to translate brought with it, undoubtedly, a reduction in the number of ethnicities and vernaculars, but then a confirmation of the individual identity of those that remained: Christianity in fact helped turn ethnicities into nations.” LanguageNationsChristianityBibleIslamEthnicityTranslationVernacularQur AnNationhood Book:The Construction of Nationhood: Ethnicity, Religion and Nationalism Source: The Construction of Nationhood: Ethnicity, Religion and Nationalism