“Disease is an abnormal state of the body which primarily and independently produces a disturbance in the normal functions of the body. It may be an abnormality of temperament or form (structure). Symptom is a manifestation of some abnormal state in the body. It may be harmful as a colic pain or harmless as the flushing of cheeks in peripneumonia.” MayStatesBodyPainFormProduceHealthDiseaseNormalFunctionStructureManifestationCheeksSymptomsTemperamentAbnormalDisturbanceAbnormalityFlushingColic Book:The Canon of Medicine (al-Qānūn Fī'l-ṭibb) Source: The Canon of Medicine (al-Qānūn Fī'l-ṭibb)
“Pain is a sensation produced by something contrary to the course of nature and this sensation is set up by one of two circumstances: either a very sudden change of the temperament (or the bad effect of a contrary temperament) or a solution of continuity.” TwoPainCoursesEffectsHealthCircumstancesSolutionsContrarySensationsTemperamentContinuitySudden Change Book:The Canon of Medicine (al-Qānūn Fī'l-ṭibb) Source: The Canon of Medicine (al-Qānūn Fī'l-ṭibb)
“The physical signs of measles are nearly the same as those of smallpox, but nausea and inflammation is more severe, though the pains in the back are less.” PainSevereNauseaSmallpoxMeasles Author:Avicenna
