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Complete Works of Aristotle, Volume 2: The Revised Oxford Translation

The Complete Works of Aristotle, Volume 2 includes translations of various treatises and dialogues, showcasing Aristotle's philosophical and scientific thought. This revised Oxford translation is renowned for its accuracy and scholarly depth. more

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Aristotle
Aristotle

Aristotle, a renowned Greek philosopher, is one of the founders of Western philosophy. His thoughts covered a wide range of fields, including ethics, logic, politics, and had a profound impact on the world. more

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“There are still two forms besides democracy and oligarchy; one of them is universally recognized and included among the four principal forms of government, which are said to be (1) monarchy, (2) oligarchy, (3) democracy, and (4) the so-called aristocracy or government of the best. But there is also a fifth, which retains the generic name of polity or constitutional government.”

SaidStillsTwoGovernmentFormNamesDemocracyFourPrincipalFifthMonarchyAristocracyForms Of GovernmentOligarchyGenericConstitutional GovernmentGeneric Name
Book:The Essential Aristotle
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“In the many forms of government which have sprung up there has always been an acknowledgement of justice and proportionate equality, although mankind fail in attaining them, as indeed I have already explained. Democracy, for example, arises out of the notion that those who are equal in any respect are equal in all respects; because men are equally free, they claim to be absolutely equal.”

MenGovernmentFormJusticeDemocracyFailingMankindExampleEqualClaimsNotionAriseForms Of GovernmentAcknowledgementSprungSprung Up
Book:Aristotle: The Politics and the Constitution of Athens
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“Of old, the demagogue was also a general, and then democracies changed into tyrannies. Most of the ancient tyrants were originally demagogues. They are not so now, but they were then; and the reason is that they were generals and not orators, for oratory had not yet come into fashion.”

ReasonGovernmentDemocracyFashionChangedAncientTyrannyTyrantsOratorsOratory
Book:Complete Works of Aristotle, Volume 2: The Revised Oxford Translation
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“In all well-attempered governments there is nothing which should be more jealously maintained than the spirit of obedience to law, more especially in small matters; for transgression creeps in unperceived and at last ruins the state, just as the constant recurrence of small expenses in time eats up a fortune.”

ShouldWellsMatterStatesGovernmentLastsLawSpiritConstantFortuneRuinsObedienceExpensesCreepsTransgressionRecurrenceJealously
Book:The Essential Aristotle
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“Neither should we forget the mean, which at the present day is lost sight of in perverted forms of government; for many practices which appear to be democratical are the ruin of democracies, . . Those who think that all virtue is to be found in their own party principles push matters to extremes; they do not consider that disproportion destroys a state.”

ThinkingShouldMeanMatterStatesGovernmentFormFoundLostForgetPartyPrinciplesPracticeVirtueDemocracySightExtremesRuinsForms Of GovernmentPresent Day
Book:Politics
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