“90% of us came from single-parent homes who were in the gang. There was just a small 10% who had a mother and a father in the home. For a lot of us, we did not had that father or authority figure who could have intervened on our behalf. Where we could have said, ‘You know, daddy, Johnny tried to rob me or Johnny just slapped me’, and our father could have either taken us to the police station, or went to school with us to address the issue. So we had to defend for ourselves. Shelton ‘Apples’ Burrows reform gang leader” Self DefenseFather FigureGang MembersRebellion RaidersSingle MothersGang InterventionAt Risk YouthCrime PreventionFatherless HomesAbsentee FathersAt Risk CommunitiesSingle ParentsAuthority FigurePolice Station Book:The Fight of My Life is Wrapped Up in My Father Source: The Fight of My Life is Wrapped Up in My Father