“Childhood is a complex dialectical process characterized by periodicity, unevenness in the development of different functions, metamorphosis or qualitative transformation of one form into another, intertwining of external and internal factors, and adaptive processes which overcome impediments that the child encounters.” ChildrenDifferentPhilosophyFormLiteratureProcessChildhoodDevelopmentOvercomingFunctionTransformationComplexesEducationalFactorsEncountersInternalsMetamorphosisImpedimentsAdaptiveQualitativePeriodicity Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“Writing should be meaningful for children, Y an intrinsic need should be aroused in them, and Y writing should be incorporated into a task that is necessary and relevant.” NeedsShouldWritingChildrenReadingEducationTasksMeaningfulRelevant Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“What a child can do today with assistance, she will be able to do by herself tomorrow.” ChildrenTodayAbleCan DoTeachingTomorrowAssistanceTeaching And Learning Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“The child begins to perceive the world not only through his [or her] eyes but also through his [or her] speech” WorldChildrenEyeSpeechPerceiveHer Eyes Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“Human learning presupposes a specific social nature and a process by which children grow into the intellectual life of those around them” HumansChildrenSocialGrowsProcessIntellectualIntellectual Life Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“Pedagogy must be oriented not to the yesterday, but to the tomorrow of the child's development. Only then can it call to life in the process of education those processes of development which now lie in the zone of proximal development” ChildrenLyingProcessDevelopmentTomorrowYesterdayZonePedagogy Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“Every function in the child's cultural development appears twice: first, on the social level, and later, on the individual level; first, between people (interpsychological) and then inside the child (intrapsychological). This applies equally to voluntary attention, to logical memory, and to the formation of concepts. All the higher functions originate as actual relationships between individuals.” PeopleFirstsChildrenIndividualSocialMemoriesLevelsAttentionDevelopmentHigherConceptsFunctionLogicalFormation Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“A child’s greatest achievements are possible in play, achievements that tomorrow will become her basic level of real action.” ChildrenRealPlayActionLevelsTomorrowAchievementGreatest Achievement Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“What children can do with the assistance of others might be in some sense even more indicative of their mental development than what they can do alone” ChildrenMightCan DoDevelopmentAssistance Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“The specifically human capacity for language enables children to provide for auxiliary tools in the solution of difficult tasks, to overcome impulsive action, to plan a solution to a problem prior to its execution, and to master their own behavior.” HumansChildrenProblemActionLanguageDifficultPlansMastersBehaviorSolutionsCapacityToolsTasksOvercomingExecutionImpulsiveSolution To A ProblemDifficult TasksHuman Capacity Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
“In play, the child is always behaving beyond his age, above his usual everyday behaviour; in play he is, as it were, a head above himself. Play contains in a concentrated form, as in the focus of a magnifying glass, all developmental tendencies; it is as if the child tries to jump above his usual level.” IfsTryingChildrenPlayAgeFormLevelsFocusEverydayGlassesTendenciesUsualBehaviourMagnifyingDevelopmentalMagnifying Glass Author:Lev S. Vygotsky
