Umar II (November 2, 682 – February 720), full name Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, was the fifth Umayyad Caliph, ruling from 717 to 720 CE. Known as "Umar the Pious," he is regarded as one of the most devout and reformist rulers in Umayyad history. During his short reign, Umar II implemented significant social and religious reforms, emphasizing piety, justice, and administrative integrity. He was celebrated for his personal austerity, reduction of court expenses, and compassionate treatment of non-Muslim subjects. Umar II's reign is often considered a golden age of the Umayyad Caliphate, and his reformist legacy deeply influenced subsequent Islamic rulers. He died in February 720 at the age of thirty-seven.