Shannon Lucid (born January 14, 1943) is an American biochemist and former NASA astronaut. Born in Shanghai, China to missionary parents, she became one of NASA's most accomplished female astronauts. She holds a PhD in biochemistry from the University of Oklahoma and was selected as a NASA astronaut in 1980. Lucid spent over 5,000 hours in space during her career and flew on multiple Space Shuttle missions. In 1996, she became the first American woman to live and work aboard the Russian Mir space station, spending 188 days in space. She holds the record for the most time spent in space by an American woman.