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“Individuals with Eds evaluate food and body related cues as emotional events and these events trigger dysregulated responses, including deficits in healthy coping strategies and use of maladaptive strategies. Emotional dysregulation and disordered eating worsen in a vicious cycle: engaging in disordered eating, such as restricted food or purging, provides escape from negative emotion particularly when it is stimulated from a food or body related cue, like shopping for a new workout clothing.”

“Given that chronic undernutrition can harm cognitive processing, researchers postulate patients with Anorexia Nervosa use a habitual, rule-based tendency to abstain from immediate rewards and select the larger, delayed option. In contrast, patients with Bulimia Nervosa show impulsivity, a deficit in self-regulatory control.”

“Individuals who are perfectionists are more likely to comply with norms and to be critical of their own shape, and high trait perfectionism is a documented risk factor for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa as it increases drive for thinness. Drive for thinness is notably predicted by anxiety sensitivity and poor interoceptive awareness, the ability to understand physiological and emotional cues within the body, critical to self-awareness in linking cognitive and emotional processes.”

“In our current world, checking of cell phones is a commonly observed compulsive displacement act known to reduce anxiety. In situations where food or drink is available, eating and drinking could serve as a displacement act. It makes sense that, over time and with environmental support, these schedule-induced consumptions could become persistent, generalized habits. This process represents what many people report as -I eat when I’m bored-. Perhaps a more accurate descriptor is, -I eat when experiencing a compulsive need to so something during a period of minimal reinforcement-.”

“Another cognitive fallacy, -dose insensitivity-, also was observed among participants studied by Rozin and colleagues. Dose insensitivity refers to our tendency to evaluate a food as equally healthy or harmful, regardless of how much was consumed. That is, something is harmful in large amounts, it if often viewed as similarly harmful in small amounts. Dose insensitivity undermines moderation and encourages adoption of fad diets that rely on strict adherence to or elimination of foods or sometimes entire food groups.”