Ronald Fisher (February 17, 1890 – July 29, 1962) was a British statistician, geneticist, and evolutionary biologist, regarded as one of the founders of modern statistics. He developed key statistical methods such as analysis of variance, maximum likelihood estimation, and Fisher's exact test, and applied statistical theory to genetics and evolutionary biology, contributing to the modern evolutionary synthesis. Fisher studied mathematics and physics at Cambridge University, later worked at Rothamsted Experimental Station and University College London, and spent his final years in Australia. His work profoundly influenced experimental design, biostatistics, and population genetics, though his support for eugenics remains controversial.
