“Although the formulations of science now offer the most advanced knowledge of nature, men continue to use obsolete forms of thought long discarded by scientific theory. In so far as these obsolete forms are superfluous for science, the fact that they persist violated the principle of the economy of thought, that characteristic trait of the bourgeois temper.” MenLongFactsUseFormPrinciplesEconomyTheoryOffersCharacteristicsTemperTraitsPersistBourgeoisObsoleteSuperfluousDiscardedScientific Theory Author:Max Horkheimer
“If the subjectivist view hold true, thinking cannot be of any help in determining the desirability of any goal in itself. The acceptability of ideals, the criteria for our actions and beliefs, the leading principles of ethics and politics, all our ultimate decisions are made to depend upon factors other than reason. They are supposed to be matters of choice and predilection, and it has become meaningless to speak of truth in making practical, moral or esthetic decisions.” IfsThinkingMadeMatterReasonHelpingActionChoicesBeliefSpeakGoalDecisionViewsMoralPrinciplesDependsEthicsIdealsUltimatePracticalsFactorsSupposed To BeMeaninglessOur ActionsCriteriaDesirability Author:Max Horkheimer
“In most cases, to be reasonable means not to be obstinate, which in turn points to conformity with reality as it is. The principle of adjustment is taken for granted. When the idea of reason was conceived, it was intended to achieve more than the mere regulation of the relation between means and ends: it was regarded as the instrument for understanding the ends, for determining them.” MeanIdeasEndsReasonRealityTurnsUnderstandingPrinciplesCasesTakenAchieveRelationInstrumentsMereGrantedReasonableConformityRegulationAdjustmentTaken For GrantedObstinate Book:Eclipse of Reason Source: Eclipse of Reason
“Reason as an organ for perceiving the true nature of reality and determining the guiding principles of our lives has come to be regarded as obsolete.” ReasonRealityPrinciplesOur LivesOrgansObsoleteTrue NatureGuiding Principles Book:Eclipse of Reason Source: Eclipse of Reason
“When the great religious and philosophical conceptions were alive, thinking people did not extol humility and brotherly love, justice and humanity because it was realistic to maintain such principles and odd and dangerous to deviate from them, or because these maxims were more in harmony with their supposedly free tastes than others. They held to such ideas because they saw in them elements of truth, because they connected them with the idea of logos, whether in the form of God or of a transcendental mind, or even of nature as an eternal principle.” PeopleThinkingMindIdeasFormHumanityReligiousJusticePrinciplesSawsAliveDangerousHumilityTasteTruth IsElementsEternalHarmonyPhilosophicalConnectedOddConceptionRealisticMaximsTranscendentalLogosBrotherlyBrotherly LoveDeviateGreat Religious Author:Max Horkheimer
