“Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce.” SelfBeliefProduceBehaviorJudgmentExpectationsConsequenceOutcomesEfficacySelf Efficacy Author:Albert Bandura
“Among the types of thoughts that affect action, none is more central or pervasive than people's judgments of their capabilities to deal effectively with different realities” PeopleDifferentRealityActionDealsTypeJudgmentCapabilitySelf EfficacyDifferent Realities Book:Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory Source: Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory
“People's conceptions about themselves and the nature of things are developed and verified through four different processes: direct experience of the effects produced by their actions, vicarious experience of the effects produced by somebody else's actions, judgments voiced by others, and derivation of further knowledge from what they already know by using rules of inference” PeopleKnowsDifferentActionProcessFourEffectsJudgmentDirectConceptionInferenceSelf EfficacyVicarious Author:Albert Bandura
“The difficulty in judging what type of behavior works well arises not only because a given course of action does not always produce the outcomes. Similar outcomes can occur for reasons other than the person's actions, which further complicates inferential judgment. Effects that arise independently of one's actions distort the influence of similar effects produced by the actions, but only on some occasions. Given a strong cognitive set to perceive regularities, even chance joint occurrences of events can be easily misjudged as genuine relationships of low contingent probability” WellsPersonsDoeReasonActionCoursesStrongGivenChanceInfluenceEffectsEventsProduceJudgingTypeBehaviorJudgmentLowsDifficultyGenuineAriseOccasionsPerceiveOutcomesProbabilityJointsCognitiveRegularitySelf Efficacy Author:Albert Bandura
“Judgments of adequacy involve social comparison processes” SocialProcessJudgmentComparisonSelf EfficacyAdequacy Author:Albert Bandura
“When experience contradicts firmly held judgments of self-efficacy, people may not change their beliefs about themselves if the conditions of performance are such as to lead them to discount the import of the experience” PeopleIfsMaySelfBeliefConditionsJudgmentPerformancesImportsEfficacyDiscountsSelf Efficacy Author:Albert Bandura
“For many activities, people cannot rely solely on themselves in evaluating their ability level because such judgments require inferences from probabilistic indicants of talent about which they may have limited knowledge. Self-appraisals are, therefore, partly based on the opinions of others who presumably possess evaluative competence” PeopleMaySelfAbilityLevelsOpinionTalentActivityJudgmentRelyCompetenceInferenceSelf EfficacyAppraisalLimited Knowledge Author:Albert Bandura
“Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous” SelfCircumstancesJudgmentTasksPerformancesAriseAmbiguousEfficacySelf EfficacyDiscrepanciesDiscrepancies Between Author:Albert Bandura
