“A masterly analysis of how political interests, economic circumstances, development strategies, and local history have shaped what are surprisingly different versions of the welfare state across the developing world. The authors combine fine-grained country analyses with intelligent use of data, and explain and extend the theory and literature on the modern welfare state. The book is both scholarly and readable.” WorldBookDifferentCountryStatesUsePoliticalLiteratureInterestEconomicModernTheoryFineDevelopmentCircumstancesIntelligentStrategyLocalsVersionsDataDevelopingWelfareAnalysisWelfare StateScholarlyLocal History Author:Nancy Birdsall
“A complete theory of evolution must acknowledge a balance between "external" forces of environment imposing selection for local adaptation and "internal" forces representing constraints of inheritance and development. Vavilov placed too much emphasis on internal constraints and downgraded the power of selection. But Western Darwinians have erred equally in practically ignoring (while acknowledging in theory) the limits placed on selection by structure and development what Vavilov and the older biologists would have called "laws of form.” FormLawForceEnvironmentToo MuchTheoryDevelopmentEvolutionBalanceLimitsStructureWesternLocalsAcknowledgeInternalsEmphasisSelectionAdaptationInheritanceConstraintsRepresentingImposingBiologistTheory Of EvolutionExternal Forces Book:Hen's Teeth and Horse's Toes: Further Reflections in Natural History Source: Hen's Teeth and Horse's Toes: Further Reflections in Natural History
“Either the State for ever, crushing individual and local life, taking over in all fields of human activity, bringing with it its wars and its domestic struggles for power, its palace revolutions which only replace one tyrant by another, and inevitably at the end of this development there is ... death! Or the destruction of States, and new life starting again in thousands of centers on the principle of the lively initiative of the individual and groups and that of free agreement.The choice lies with you!” HumansWarEndsStatesLyingChoicesIndividualPrinciplesStruggleGroupsFieldsRevolutionDevelopmentActivityDestructionStartingLocalsCrushAgreementTyrantsInitiativeNew LifePalacesLivelyHuman Activity Author:Peter Kropotkin
“Entrepreneurship is the cornerstone to African development and the key to local value creation in Africa. I am determined to ensure that Africa's next generation of entrepreneurs have the platform they need to turn their entrepreneurial aspirations into sustainable businesses that will drive economic growth and job creation across Africa.” NeedsJobsValuesTurnsNextGrowthGenerationsEconomicCreationKeysDevelopmentEntrepreneurDeterminedLocalsEntrepreneurshipAspirationPlatformsNext GenerationEconomic GrowthEntrepreneurialCornerstonesJob CreationI Am Determined Author:Tony Elumelu
“We dream of an India where development is the result of all Chief Ministers, the Prime Minister, state Ministers, Union Ministers working together with even Local Body Authorities as one team, a strong and united Team India.” StatesDreamBodyTogetherPoliticsStrongUnitedResultsTeamDevelopmentAuthorityIndiaUnionsLocalsChiefsMinistersWorking TogetherPrimePrime Minister Author:Narendra Modi
“Private sector development and the creation of small businesses spur investment, jobs, opportunity, and hope. It empowers the market to meet local needs, whether for food, basic goods, or services.” NeedsJobsOpportunityCreationDevelopmentInvestmentLocalsEmpoweringGoodsSmall BusinessPrivate SectorSpursJob Opportunities Author:Robert Zoellick
“What you need if you want jobs are small and medium sized enterprises, local initiatives, labour intensive work, community development, service providers and the like.” IfsWantNeedsJobsCommunityDevelopmentLocalsMediumsEnterpriseLabourInitiativeProvidersCommunity DevelopmentService Providers Author:Susan George
“The governments and the communist parties in Vietnam and China are doing their best to develop their local economies. But the rise of countries in Asia is not in opposition to development and affluence in Western nations. It is a mutually beneficial development. The interests of Western investors are protected in our country. Both we and the West benefit from this in equal measure.” CountryGovernmentNationsInterestPartyEconomyDevelopmentEqualBenefitsWestWesternChinaLocalsOur CountryOppositionCommunistInvestorsVietnamProtectedAsiaBeneficialAffluenceCommunist Party Author:Nguyen Minh Triet
“An observer will see the bizarre developments of behavior only in alien cultures, not his own. Nevertheless this is obviously a local and temporary bias. There is no reason to suppose that any one culture has seized upon an eternal sanity and will stand in history as a solitary solution of the human problem. Even the next generation knows better. Our only scientific course is to consider our own culture, so far as we are able, as one example among innumerable others of the variant configurations of human culture.” KnowsHumansReasonProblemAbleCultureCoursesNextGenerationsExampleDevelopmentBehaviorEternalSolutionsLocalsAliensNo ReasonTemporarySanitySolitaryBiasNeverthelessBizarreObserversNext GenerationConfigurationHuman Problems Author:Ruth Benedict
“Many of the green places and open spaces that need protecting most today are in our own neighborhoods. In too many places, the beauty of local vistas has been degraded by decades of ill-planned and ill-coordinated development.” NeedsHas BeensTodaySpaceDevelopmentGreenIllDecadesLocalsNeighborhoodVistasOpen Spaces Author:Al Gore
“The idea that a relatively fixed group of privileged people might shape the economy and government for their own benefit goes against the American grain. Nevertheless, the owners and top-level managers in large income-producing properties are far and away the dominant power figures in the United States. Their corporations, banks, and agribusinesses come together as a corporate community that dominates the federal government in Washington. Their real estate, construction, and land development companies form growth coalitions that dominate most local governments.” PeopleIdeasRealStatesGovernmentMightTogetherFormGrowthCommunityLevelsUnitedCompanyUnited StatesEconomyGroupsLandFiguresDevelopmentShapesBenefitsPropertyIncomeLocalsManagersCorporateCorporationsFixedOwnersConstructionGrainNeverthelessDominantEstatesPrivilegedFederal GovernmentCoalitionsLocal GovernmentAgribusiness Author:G. William Domhoff
“Some land surveyors delve into land development advocacy, working with local government on behalf of clients in order to facilitate progress on a project. Others stick to strictly surveying. The approach depends on the individual firm and the needs of the local area.” NeedsGovernmentOrderIndividualProgressLandDependsDevelopmentProjectsApproachAreasSticksLocalsFirmClientsBehalfAdvocacyFacilitateLocal GovernmentSurveyorsLand Surveyor Author:Mark Mason
“Our Government understands that local, community organizations are essential in addressing social issues like economic development, poverty, education and integration in Canadian communities. The Community and College Social Innovation Fund will connect the innovative talent of researchers and students at colleges and polytechnics to meet the research needs of local community organizations to build stronger, safer, healthier communities.” NeedsGovernmentSocialCommunityPovertyIssuesEconomicTalentStudentsCollegeDevelopmentEssentialsResearchOrganizationStrongerInnovationLocalsFundIntegrationSocial IssuesInnovativeResearchersEconomic DevelopmentLocal CommunitySocial Innovation Author:Ed Holder
“Our company has only been active in Beijing and Shanghai, two very market-dominated cities. This was an advantage. Land is purchased here in public auctions, in a transparent way. When you do real estate development outside Beijing and Shanghai it is good to have "guanxi" - good relations within the local government.” WayTwoRealGovernmentCitiesCompanyLandDevelopmentAdvantageRelationActiveLocalsEstatesTransparentBeijingAuctionsLocal GovernmentShanghai Author:Zhang Xin
“The American official was trying to talk about aid and development projects and finally a local tribal chief got up and said, "Even if you turn our country into heaven, we don't want it from you. Just leave us."” IfsWantTryingSaidCountryTurnsHeavenDevelopmentProjectsAidsLocalsOur CountryChiefsOfficials Author:Yaroslav Trofimov
“We have emphasized the importance of applied action research because it allows evidence-based policy and program development and a focus on learning. We are also committed to using a participatory approach in which local people, local program managers and providers, local researchers, women's health activists, and national decision-makers play the leading role. International "experts" from technical assistance agencies or universities can make important contributions, but they certainly don't have all the answers.” PeopleImportantPlayActionDecisionAnswersRolesFocusPolicyDevelopmentApproachResearchEvidenceProgramImportanceUniversityInternationalCommittedLocalsManagersExpertsAgencyContributionActivistMakersAssistanceResearchersProvidersDecision MakersImportant ContributionsWomen's Health Author:Ruth Simmons
“High level policy makers and program managers do not normally listen to the voices of local people, local providers and local program managers when they make decisions about contraceptive introduction or other aspects of program development in reproductive health.” PeopleVoiceDecisionLevelsPolicyDevelopmentAspectProgramLocalsManagersMakersIntroductionHigh LevelProvidersContraceptivesPolicy MakersReproductive Health Author:Ruth Simmons
“If instead policy makers and program managers participate in an interdisciplinary assessment team, make informal visits to local families and have in-depth conversations with local providers and health authorities, the real needs and complex challenges of organizing good reproductive health services become apparent.The first country that implemented this participatory program of assessment, research and policy development was Brazil. I was one of the outsiders who provided support to the initiative.” IfsNeedsFirstsRealCountryChallengesSupportTeamPolicyDevelopmentConversationAuthorityResearchProgramComplexesDepthLocalsManagersMakersInitiativeOutsidersAssessmentBrazilProvidersPolicy MakersReproductive HealthHealth ServicesInterdisciplinary Author:Ruth Simmons
“We wanted to see how access to care can be expanded and service quality can be improved when one uses a participatory approach to program development. We showed that major changes become possible if you work in a participatory manner, listen to local people, diagnose what the problems are, provide training and identify where there are opportunities for mobilizing local resources to take action. In time leaders from other municipalities expressed interest in replication and the project succeeded in expanding innovations to three other areas.” PeopleIfsUseProblemCareActionWantedThreeOpportunityInterestQualityLeaderDevelopmentProjectsApproachMajorsTrainingResourcesAreasProgramInnovationAccessLocalsExpandingMunicipalityMajor ChangeQuality ServiceReplication Author:Ruth Simmons
“We raised the matter of an agreement that was reached at the Growth and Development Summit, which was that we should access a certain part, 5% was mentioned, of the funds in the hands of the institutional investors, domestically, for investment in the real economy. That being an agreement of the Growth and Development Summit, we will engage South African business to see how we can make that a practical thing. So, there is a different set of engagement with local business.” ShouldDifferentRealMatterHandsCertainGrowthEconomyDevelopmentInvestmentSouthRaisedAccessPracticalsLocalsAgreementFundInvestorsEngagementSouth AfricaSummitPractical ThingsLocal Business Author:Thabo Mbeki
“I don't think we in Ireland have to follow slavishly what other countries have done. Ireland has its own strengths - in family life, in the local community, in the concept of meitheal, a very traditional form of cooperation in rural Ireland. Three or four or five neighbors get together, exchanging labor, farm equipment, and so on. There are strong solidarity overtones. That tradition is being translated today into community self-development.” ThinkingSelfCountryDoneTodayTogetherFormThreeStrongCommunityFiveFourDevelopmentConceptsTraditionLaborNeighborLocalsTraditionalFarmsCooperationIrelandOther CountriesSolidarityEquipmentSelf DevelopmentFamily LifeGet TogetherExchangingLocal Community Author:Mary Robinson
“In America, we need to develop communitywide structures of democratic ownership, we need to work out cooperative development, we need to work out participatory management, we need new ecological strategies developed at the local city, state, regional level.” NeedsStatesAmericaLevelsCitiesDevelopmentManagementStrategyStructureDemocraticWork OutLocalsOwnershipEcologicalCooperatives Author:Gar Alperovitz
“While I believe our Constitution allows for State and local governments to execute the power of eminent domain for those purposes that specifically serve the public good, condemning property solely to implement economic development plans is not serving the public good.” BelieveStatesGovernmentPurposeI BelievePlansEconomicDevelopmentConstitutionPropertyLocalsServingDomainEconomic DevelopmentCondemningPublic GoodLocal GovernmentEminent Domain Author:Solomon Ortiz